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Jun 26, 2013

Nipah Outbreaks in Bangladesh

A recent article published in EID

"Active Nipah virus encephalitis surveillance identified an encephalitis cluster and sporadic cases in Faridpur, Bangladesh, in January 2010. ..... identified 16 case-patients; 14 of these patients died. For 1 case-patient, the only known exposure was hugging a deceased patient with a probable case, while another case-patient’s exposure involved preparing the same corpse for burial by removing oral secretions and anogenital excreta with a cloth and bare hands. Among 7 persons with confirmed sporadic cases, 6 died, including a physician who had physically examined encephalitis patients without gloves or a mask. Nipah virus–infected patients were more likely than community-based controls to report drinking raw date palm sap and to have had physical contact with an encephalitis patient (29% vs. 4%, matched odds ratio undefined). Efforts to prevent transmission should focus on reducing caregivers’ exposure to infected patients’ bodily secretions during care and traditional burial practices."

Link:

http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/2/12-0971_article.htm

Update from IEDCR, Bangladesh (2013)

"As of 15May 2013, 24 cases of Nipah virus infection have been reported in Bangladesh since the beginning of 2013, of which 21 cases have died. These cases are from 13 different districts (Gaibandha, Jhinaidaha, Kurigram, Kushtia, Magura, Manikgonj, Mymenshingh, Naogaon, Natore, Nilphamari, Pabna, Rajbari, Rajshahi). The age distribution of cases is from 8 months to 60 years. Sixteen cases are male and eight are females."

Link:

http://www.iedcr.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=106



 

Jun 24, 2013

Outbreak of Cholera in Tilathi VDC Saptari Nepal

Measles Outbreak in Pakistan

Time: 2013

Place: Across the country

Person:
  • 25,401 reported cases in less than four months this year.
  • At least 146 children  have lost their lives due to the disease.
In 2012, out of 7,000-plus laboratory confirmed measles cases , around 60% of children were not provided even a single dose of the measles vaccine, while 20% were inoculated with only one dose. It is said that Pakistan may face an international travel ban.

Link:

http://tribune.com.pk/story/550040/measles-outbreak-pakistan-may-face-international-travel-ban/

Thoughts on Cholera Outbreaks in Nepal


As a glimpse to prevailing public health situation, Nepalese people saw huge cholera outbreaks in western part of the country. This disease affected every facet of everyday social life, leaving some at the mercy of their innate immunity or home remedies. Nepal is endemic for cholera and every year, there are several reports of outbreak from various corners of the country. Despite all effort to save as many lives as possible, many unfortunates lost their near and dear to this merciless disease in 2009. These kind of outbreaks have reminded us time and again that such unwanted events can be averted with good surveillance network and putting efficient health delivery system in place. This is just one example among many scourges that has hit hard in hard to reach areas of the country. It is also imperative to understand the fact that there is an added challenge to the health system of country with due to increasing population density, which is compounded by epic poverty and ongoing volatile political impasse. These have more than ever pressed Government of Nepal for strong integrated epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases in the community.

Jun 23, 2013

Cholera Outbreak in Far Western Region of Nepal



This article linked here in this blog provides us an account of "an outbreak of diarrheal diseases in districts of far-western region of Nepal in late-2009 followed by massive outbreak in Jajarkot district of mid-western region in early-2009. The objective of this study was to explore the causative organism and analyse the sensitivity pattern of the antibiotics in the local context to suggest the use of medicine in future diarrhea outbreak in Nepal. "

Link:

http://www.jnhrc.com.np/index.php?journal=nhrc

Report of Cholera Outbreaks in India

TRACKING

Source: Time of India (TOI)

Time: May - June, 2013

Place: Goa State, central jail at Aguada and the judicial lock-up at Mapusa.

Person:
  • 15 prisoners from the central jail were admitted at the Goa Medical College, Bambolim on May 31
  • 128 inmates of central jail at Aguada and the judicial lock-up at Mapusa were sick (last week of May - 1st week of June)
Laboratory Test:
 It is reported that some water samples were taken from the central jail by health services and food and drug administration officials, it tested positive for the E. coli bacteria, which suggest that the drinking water was contaminated by human excreta. However, it is not reported whether fresh / rectal stool examination for Vibrio cholerae was done or not. Nonetheless, the clinicians are pretty sure that the clinical features pointed towards cholera. There was also report of 1 death from acute diarrheal illness thus reported.

Anuj in Himalayas

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